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What are the application scenarios of piezoelectric ceramic actuators?
2025-06-03
The piezoelectric ceramic driver is a device that uses the inverse piezoelectric effect of piezoelectric materials (that is, mechanical deformation when an electric field is applied to the piezoelectric material) to achieve precise displacement output. It has the characteristics of fast response speed, high displacement accuracy, and compact structure. It is widely used in many fields, the following is a detailed introduction for you:
Precision Machinery and Manufacturing
Semiconductor manufacturing equipment: in the lithography machine, it is used to control the nano-scale precision positioning of the lens and the wafer platform to ensure the high-precision etching of the chip pattern; in the semiconductor packaging equipment, it is used for the precision motion control of the welding head of the wire bonding machine to improve the welding accuracy and reliability.
Precision machine tools and processing: As the micro-feed mechanism of the machine tool, it realizes the adjustment of the micron or even nanometer displacement of the tool, improves the smoothness and accuracy of the processed surface of the parts, and is suitable for the processing of precision parts such as optical components and microelectronic devices.
Nano-imprint technology: The precise pressing and separation of the imprint mold is driven in the nano-imprint equipment to realize the replication of nano-scale patterns on the substrate for the preparation of micro-nano structure devices.
Optics and Optoelectronics
Adaptive optics system: installed in optical instruments such as telescopes, real-time compensation of atmospheric turbulence or optical element deformation caused by wavefront error, improve imaging clarity, common in astronomical observation equipment.
Laser processing and optical adjustment: control the focus position and scanning trajectory of the laser beam in laser cutting and engraving equipment; in the optical system, it is used to adjust the angle and position of the mirror, prism and other components to achieve accurate calibration of the optical path.
Optical fiber communication and optical switch: drive optical fiber coupler to realize fast switching between different optical paths, or adjust the position of optical fiber end face to optimize the coupling efficiency of optical signal, which plays an important role in optical communication network.
Medical and Biological Fields
Minimally invasive surgical instruments: used for the driving components of micro surgical robots to realize the fine operations of surgical instruments, such as vascular anastomosis, tissue cutting, etc., to reduce surgical trauma and recovery time.
Biological cell manipulation: In cell micromanipulation equipment, micro-needles, micro-clips and other tools are driven to inject, extract or manipulate single cells, providing technical support for cell biology research and gene editing.
Medical ultrasound equipment: As the driving element of the ultrasound probe, it generates high-frequency mechanical vibration to transmit ultrasound and receives echo signals at the same time. It is used for medical ultrasound imaging to help doctors diagnose diseases.
Aerospace and Defense Field
Aerospace precision instruments: In the satellite attitude control system, the piezoelectric ceramic driver is used to fine-tune the pointing of the antenna or sensor to ensure the accuracy of communication and observation; in the inertial navigation system, it is used to compensate for the mechanical vibration on the gyroscope and other precision components Impact.
Missile guidance and control: drive the missile's rudder surface or optical targeting system to make rapid and precise adjustments to improve the missile's guidance accuracy and maneuverability.
Radar and electronic equipment: control the phase of the antenna array in the phased array radar, realize the rapid scanning and focusing of the beam, and improve the detection range and tracking ability of the radar.
Sensor and detection field
Precision displacement sensor: itself can be used as a high-precision displacement sensor, by measuring the amount of charge of piezoelectric ceramics to determine its deformation displacement, used in micro-electromechanical systems (MEMS), nano-measurement and other fields.
Acoustics and vibration detection: The piezoelectric effect is used to convert mechanical vibration into electrical signals for vibration monitoring, noise detection, etc., such as real-time perception of the vibration state of the structure in the health monitoring of bridges and mechanical equipment.
Other Emerging Application Scenarios
Micro-electro-mechanical system (MEMS): integrated into MEMS devices, as a micro-drive element, to achieve the action control of micro-valves, micro-pumps, micro-mirrors, etc., used in microfluidic chips, micro-spectrometers, etc.
Energy collection: the use of environmental vibration or pressure to drive piezoelectric ceramics to generate electricity, for small electronic devices (such as sensor nodes, wireless communication modules) to provide self-powered, to achieve sustainable use of energy.
Smart materials and structures: embedded in smart structures, through the application of electric field to adjust the stiffness or shape of the structure, to achieve vibration suppression, noise control and other functions, such as in high-speed rail cars, aircraft wings to reduce vibration and noise.
Summary
With its high precision and fast response characteristics, piezoelectric ceramic drivers are indispensable in scenes that require micron-level or even nano-level precise control. With the continuous advancement of technology, its application is still expanding to more emerging fields. Provide key support for technological innovation in various industries.
